World Cancer Day, observed annually on February 4th, is a global initiative led by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) to raise awareness about cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. As we mark World Cancer Day 2025, it is crucial to understand the most common types of cancer and the expert-recommended strategies to lower their risks. While genetics play a role in some cancers, lifestyle changes and early screenings can significantly reduce the burden of this disease.
1. Breast Cancer
Breast cancer remains one of the most diagnosed cancers in women. Experts emphasize maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active, limiting alcohol consumption, and undergoing regular mammograms for early detection.
2. Lung Cancer
Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, but exposure to air pollution, secondhand smoke, and radon gas also contribute. Quitting smoking and minimizing exposure to environmental pollutants are key preventive measures.
3. Colorectal Cancer
A fiber-rich diet, reduced processed meat intake, and regular physical activity can help prevent colorectal cancer. Routine screenings like colonoscopies are essential for detecting precancerous polyps early.
4. Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is more common in older men. A diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids, combined with regular checkups and PSA tests, can reduce the risk.
5. Stomach Cancer
Risk factors for stomach cancer include H. pylori infection, high salt intake, and consumption of smoked foods. A diet focused on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can lower the risk.
6. Liver Cancer
Hepatitis B and C infections, excessive alcohol use, and obesity are significant risk factors for liver cancer. Vaccination against hepatitis and limiting alcohol consumption are effective preventive strategies.
7. Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is primarily caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Vaccination against HPV, regular Pap smears, and practicing safe sex can significantly reduce the risk.
8. Oesophageal Cancer
Risk factors include acid reflux (GERD), smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and managing acid reflux can help lower the risk.
9. Skin Cancer
Excessive UV exposure is the primary cause of skin cancer, including melanoma. Protecting your skin with sunscreen, avoiding tanning beds, and performing regular skin checks can significantly reduce the risk.
10. Pancreatic Cancer
Smoking, obesity, and chronic pancreatitis contribute to pancreatic cancer. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and avoiding smoking and heavy alcohol use can help prevent this cancer.
Conclusion
While not all cancers can be prevented, adopting a healthy lifestyle, staying active, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and undergoing regular screenings can significantly lower the risk. On World Cancer Day 2025, let us commit to making informed choices and spreading awareness to reduce the global burden of cancer.
